Can I do Laser Hair Removal in the Summer?

Posted on 07/09/2010 by Administrator

Yes and no.  If you plan on being out in the sun boating, hiking, bike riding, going to Cancun, etc where the treated area will be exposed to the sun, then probably no. On the other hand if  you aren’t a sun worshiper and/or you are religious about keeping you’re self covered with fabric or with sunscreen, then sure, you shouldn’t have a problem.

So say you are having your underarms and bikini area done, then what do you do? Well unless you lay out with your hands over your head, then your underarms are usually in the shade. For your bikini area, as long as you don’t lay out in your bikini without SPF30+ sunscreen, then you should be OK. Best for bikini area is to wear shorts of a wrap skirt the 3 weeks before and after each treatment.

So Laser Hair Removal in the summer is very workable, plus most clinics are slower and it is easier to get the appointment you want.

If you are in the metro Denver Boulder area please come visit us at Bella Pelle Laser. We are conveniently located in Broomfield. We offer affordable laser treatments at prices to please your budget.

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How do I Determine my Fitzpatrick Skin Type?

Posted on 07/06/2010 by Administrator

When you go for your consultation you should be asked questions about your skin tone, or darkness. The clinician may visually judge it, or you may be asked direct questions. The purpose is to determine your Fitzpatrick Skin type. So what is this?

In 1975, Thomas B Fitzpatrick, MD, PhD, of Harvard Medical School, developed a classification system for skin typing. This system was based on a person’s response to sun exposure in terms of the degree of burning and tanning the individual experienced. For successful removal of hair, wrinkles, veins, sun spots, and scars using LASER technology, it is necessary determine your correct skin type.

TYPE I: Highly sensitive, always burns, never tans.
Example: Red hair with freckles or Albino

TYPE II: Very sun sensitive, burns easily, tans minimally.
Example: Fair-skinned, fair-haired Caucasians

TYPE III: Sun sensitive skin, sometimes burns, slowly tans to light brown.
Example: Darker Caucasians, European mix

TYPE IV: Minimally sun sensitive, burns minimally, always tans to moderate brown.
Example: Mediterranian, European, Asian, Hispanic, American Indian

TYPE V: Sun-insensitive skin, rarely burns, tans well.
Example: Hispanics, Afro-American, Middle Eastern

TYPE VI: Sun-insensitive, never burns, deeply pigmented.
Example: Afro-American, African, Middle Eastern

Based on the Fitzpatrick skin type number this will be used to adjust the settings of the laser to lessen the risk of burning.

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WHEN DO WE NEED TO TOSS OUT OUR COSMETICS?

Posted on 07/01/2010 by Administrator

It’s Hard to Say Goodbye

We all have beauty products in the backs of drawers or at the bottom of makeup bags we know should be thrown out. So what stops us? Perhaps we feel like we’re wasting money or that we might need that product one day or maybe, just maybe, it will come back in fashion. Unfortunately, keeping old products around is a gamble. Preservatives in products only last so long after opening, and the stability of ingredients have a shelf life as well. The trouble is, aside from products that are over-the-counter drugs such as sunscreens and anti-acne medicines, there are no expiration dates on product packaging nor are there any requirements for them to be there (except for products sold in the European Union [EU]). So it’s left up to consumers to know when it’s time to say goodbye to old products yet often we just can’t let go. However, it’s time to toughen up and toss away products that have long passed their prime.

Lack of Expiration Legislation

It may surprise you, but in the United States and Canada there are no regulations for the expiration date for skin-care or makeup products. While there are no regulations for expiration dates in the EU either, there is a system of sorts to give consumers an idea of how long the product should be kept after opening. On products sold in Europe, a number followed by an M and an open jar symbol tells you when to throw a product away after opening. The letter M stands for the Latin word for month and the number refers to how many months. So 6M with an open jar symbol means you should throw the product out 6 months after you’ve opened it. In the EU this is commonly known as the Period After Opening (PAO) date.

The Missing Pieces

The PAO date however, doesn’t take into account how the consumer uses the product or how it is stored. The fact is that once opened, your product’s clock is ticking because the more it’s exposed to light, air, and bacteria, the more quickly it will degrade. But if the products don’t have to be tested to determine the PAO, you also risk throwing out perfectly good products!

Solving the Guessing Game

Since government regulations are inconsistent (and, in this case, relatively nonexistent), it’s ultimately up to consumers to make the call as to when a product has expired. Luckily, the basics of determining this are somewhat intuitive. If a product seems unusually discolored, runny or lumpy, has separated, has a strange odor, or feels different on the skin, then it should absolutely be thrown away. Packaging that has expanded or has signs of deterioration is definitely a warning that something is wrong inside. A product doesn’t have to be old to have gone bad or have been exposed to bacteria, so you should always pay attention to how your products are holding up every time you use them.

As a rule, products that contain water as one of the first ingredients have the shortest shelf life after opening because water encourages the growth of bacteria and othermicrobes. Also susceptible to bacterial contamination are products that are mostly waxes with minimal water, but that also contain plant extracts. Think about how long produce lasts in your refrigerator—not very long! Products made up of almost no water (such as powders) last the longest, because almost nothing can grow in these kinds of products. Lastly, if your product is labeled “preservative-free” you should definitely take extra caution, because without a preservative system bacteria can flourish easily. Though products vary greatly, as do the conditions of consumer usage and storage, the following is a helpful guide for assessing what needs to go or how long it has left:

␣ Mascara, liquid or gel eyeliners: 4 to 6 months (always toss out dry mascara— never add water to extend its life)

␣ Moisturizers, Serums, & Foundations: 6 months to 1 year ␣ Powder-based products: 2-3 years ␣ Lipsticks, Lip Gloss, & Lip Pencils: 2-3 years ␣ Nail Polish when the color’s separate

And remember: If it smells funky, looks gunky or the texture has changed significantly— definitely toss it out!

Making Your Products Last

Here are some easy tips for prolonging the shelf life of your products, while keeping your skin and body as healthy as possible.

* DO store products in a cabinet or drawer

* DO wash your hands before using products

* DO tighten/secure the cap after each use

* DO consider how climate and humidity will shorten a product’s shelf life

* DO write the date of purchase in permanent ink (use a Sharpie) on the bottom or back of the package

* DO toss out eye products after you’ve had an eye infection

* DO abide by the expiration dates on sunscreens, acne products, and prescription medications such as topical antibiotics and Renova or Retin-A

* DON’T buy products packaged in jars of any kind (no matter how pretty they are!) because fingers getting into jars add unwanted bacteria to the contents. Most jar packaging carries a 100% risk of bacterial contamination. Damp moist bathrooms can also cause contamination to open jar products. (this also includes preservative free products)

* DON’T store products in direct sunlight

* DON’T share your products with others

* DON’T add water or saliva to thin out or remoisten dried up products

* DON’T “pump” your mascara

* DON’T purchase products with broken seals or other signs of tampering Do your skin care and cosmetics need a “Cleaning out Intervention”?

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What does organic mean for cosmetics?

Posted on 06/28/2010 by Administrator

‘Organic’ doesn’t quite mean the same thing whether you’re in the food or in the cosmetic industry. To consumers it can mean ‘natural’, ‘green’, ‘chemical free’, or ‘found at Whole Foods’. But according to this article, the US organics market is completely confused.

http://www.cosmeticsdesign-europe.com/Products-Markets/Study-highlights-confusion-in-US-organics-market.

Primarily because there is no industry-agreed meaning for terms like ‘organic’ or ‘natural’. Unlike the farming industry, these terms are not regulated for cosmetics. Companies can pretty much claim anything is natural or organic.

For example, imagine a body wash formula. It contains all kinds of synthetic surfactants, fragrances, preservatives and colors. But it also contains 85-90% water. A company might simply claim “90% organic or natural” and be telling the truth. Certainly, this isn’t in the spirit of what people believe organic to mean, but it is within the law.

Are organic products better?
Incidentally, natural or organic cosmetic products don’t really provide any added benefit for consumers. Most companies are just fooling you when they say their products are natural. What isn’t? And for companies like Burt’s Bees who strive to make ‘organic’ or ‘all-natural’ products, their finished products are mostly functionally inferior to more mainstream products. This is the real trade-off of natural or organic products. That and an incredibly higher cost for an inferior product.

Remember cosmetics are not food. No one has ever proven there is a benefit to ‘organically’ derived cosmetics.

Marie Bertrand
M.Sc. Microbiology & Immunology, U of Montreal

In the cosmetic industry Consultant to:

  • L’Oreal Canada – Vichy, LaRoche-Posay
  • Bioderma, Europe
  • Uniprix Pharmacies, Quebec

In the biotech industry

  • National Cancer Institute – USA
  • Molecular Biology Specialist
  • BD Biosciences
  • Geneka Biotechnology

As a follow on to what Marie wrote above, Whole Foods just put many of their “Organic Skin Care” vendors on notice to drop bogus Organic claims when their products contain no organic ingredients or contain petro-chemical derived ingredients. As Marie wrote above, there is no organic or natural standard for skin care so companies can put whatever they want on the label – it is just marketing. Click Here for the link to the Whole Foods press release.

At our salon, Bella Pelle Laser, we use and recommend the Usana Sense line of products which Marie Betrand also recommends to her clients.

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Hair Removal during Pregnancy

Posted on 06/26/2010 by Administrator

Pregnant bellyYour belly is getting bigger and you can barely see your legs, let alone shave them! If you shave standing in the shower you may need your partner to help you keep your balance. If you sit in the tub to shave, you may need help getting out to prevent slipping. Because of the changes in hormones during pregnancy, you may find more hair growth around the belly, nipples, or other unwanted places. If you don’t tweeze or shave, the excess hair will usually fall off after pregnancy.

For almost permanent removal: Electrolysis

There are no studies that evaluate the safety of electrolysis during pregnancy. Many health care providers and electrologists recommend avoiding electrolysis during pregnancy because of the lack of information about the effect on the fetus. If you choose to have electrolysis, the breasts should be avoided in the last trimester, especially if you’re going to breastfeed. In the final weeks of pregnancy, you should avoid the abdomen because it is very sensitive and would be very uncomfortable for you at this point in the pregnancy.
There are two types of current used in electrolysis, thermolysis and galvanic. Thermolysis may also be referred to as diathermy, radio wave, short wave, or high frequency. Galvanic electrolysis sends a minute electrical current through the client and back to the device. This is not recommended because the baby is surrounded by amniotic fluid. In this situation, amniotic fluid acts as a conductor of electricity. For this reason, galvanic current is NOT recommended for electrolysis during pregnancy. Thermolysis does not flow through the body and has not been found to be harmful to pregnant women or the fetus. Many electrologists require a letter from your health care provider authorizing treatment during pregnancy.

For almost permanent hair reduction: Laser

Laser hair removal targets dark pigment in the hair and causes thermal and/or mechanical damage to the hair follicle. There are no studies that evaluate the safety of laser hair removal during pregnancy. Many health care providers recommend avoiding laser hair removal during pregnancy because of the lack of information about the effect on the fetus.

If you choose to have electrolysis, the breasts should be avoided in the last trimester, especially if you’re going to breastfeed. In the final weeks of pregnancy, you should avoid the abdomen because it is very sensitive and would be very uncomfortable for you at this point in the pregnancy.

For longer lasting removal: Waxing

You may find that your skin reacts differently to waxing during pregnancy. Your skin may be more sensitive; using a soothing antiseptic lotion before and after waxing may decrease burning or stinging. It may also prevent infection, reduce irritation and lessen any redness that waxing may cause.

It is always best to check with your health care provider before waxing. There may be a specific reason that waxing is not recommended for you during pregnancy. Some pregnant women find waxing easier and more effective than depilatories or creams.

For less painful removal: Creams and Depilatories

The main concerns with depilatories during pregnancy are the active ingredients barium sulfide powder and calcium thioglycolate. There is no evidence that they are harmful during pregnancy, but there have been no studies that prove they are safe either.

As with any cosmetic, you should try a patch of skin to see how you react. The chemicals, once exposed to oxygen, leave a distinct odor, which may be very unpleasant for you and in rare cases has been known to cause an allergic reaction. You will want to take extra measures to ensure a well-ventilated area and proper timing so chemical burns do not result.

For removal just in the nick of time: Shaving

Though not the easiest option during pregnancy, shaving is always the cheapest, most convenient option. Try to make it fun by creatively including your partner in the process. This may be good bonding time for you and your partner! Use a good moisturizer daily so when you shave your skin will be soft and supple. Moisturizers that contain vitamin E have helped some women shave less frequently. The next time you’re at the store, check out all the great smells and colors of shaving gels and buy a new specialty razor.

At Bella Pelle Laser our policy is to not perform laser hair removal it you are expecting or trying to get pregnant. If you are in the metro Denver Boulder area please come visit us.

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Study: Coffee, tea cut heart disease risk

Posted on 06/23/2010 by Administrator

A large study in the Netherlands found moderate consumption of coffee or tea cuts the risk of heart diseasesignificantly, researchers say.

morning coffee

Dr. Yvonne van der Schouw of the University Medical Center Utrecht said the multiyear study suggests coffee and tea drinking do not increase the risk of death from any cause, The Daily Telegraph reported. She and her colleagues tracked 37,514 people for 13 years in one of the biggest studies on the subject.

Tea had a bigger impact than coffee, van der Schouw said. Those who drank between three and six cups of tea daily were 45 percent less likely to suffer coronary disease than those who drank less than one cup, while with heavy drinkers — more than six cups — the risk was reduced by 36 percent.

The risk of heart disease was cut by 20 percent among those who drank two to four cups of coffee. The researchers noted coffee drinkers are more likely to smoke.

Van der Schouw believes antioxidants in coffee and tea are responsible for the health benefits.

The study was published in Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology: Journal of the American Heart Association.
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We’ve all see the RDA on foods, But do you really know what it is?

Posted on 06/21/2010 by Administrator

healthy-meal.jpgWe all see the RDA amounts listed on the side panel of almost every packaged food. We also see on our supplements that they contain XXX% of the RDA. This is important information, but what is that RDA amount and how is it determined?

The RDA was developed by the US Army during World War II. The Army wanted to know what the MINIMUM amount of vitamins and minerals the troops needed to avoid diseases of deficiency such as Beri Beri, Rickets, Pellagra, scurvy, etc. So if you get 100% of the RDA of all the essential vitamins and minerals you should be just above the level of deficiency. Lets put this in another term we can all relate to. We all know in school that an “F” grade is failing, but a “D-” is passing, just barely. Well the RDA is the “D-” amount that just keeps you from developing the diseases of deficiency.

Unfortunately many people and even many doctors believe the RDA is all you need or a maximum. I even heard a pediatrician on a morning talk show talking about kids nutrition. She said that you do not want to exceed the RDA, so if your child takes supplements make sure that the amount of say Vitamin A they get in their diet plus the amount in the supplement doesn’t exceed the RDA!! This is insane, that is like telling parents to not let their kids do better than a “D-” in school!

For example if you look at the RDA (or now the RDI) for Vitamin C for an adult man it is 90mg (link to USDA RDA tables) but the nutritional experts recommend 1,500-2,000 mg of Vitamin C a day.  So 90 mg will prevent you from having scurvy, but to benefit form the potent antioxidant properties of Vitamin C to protect you from the environmental toxins and protect your cells it takes 2000% of the RDA.  So back to the classroom analogy, 90mg gets you a “D-” 2,000mg gets you an “A+”

Similar for Vitamin E. The RDA is 15 IU, but the optimal amount is 400 IU.  Can you get these amounts from your diet alone? Well the RDA probably yes, but to consume the optimal amount you’d need to eat:

  • 3.5 pounds of wheat germ (vitamin E fortified) daily, or
  • 2.3 pounds of almonds daily, or
  • 28.8 pounds of spinach daily, or
  • 3.6 cups of safflower oil daily.

I love spinach and almonds, but no way could I eat that much every day. It is estimated that to consume the optimal levels of the essential vitamins and minerals daily would require about 22,000 calories of food every day! Not very practical. So the only alternative is to use high quality nutritional supplements.

So next time you look at the RDA see that as the absolute minimum you should have, but know that it is far below what is optimal. Your body is made up of trillions of individual cells. If each one of those cells has all the essential vitamins and minerals readily available to function, grow, and multiply, then you will be your healthiest, but feed your cells only the minimum (RDA) and they will just barely function.

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Our Young Girl’s Increasing Risk for Breast Cancer

Posted on 06/18/2010 by Administrator

Two well known risk factors for breast cancer have come in to play in a study released today: obesity and a greater number of menses over a lifetime. Now, a shocking new study out of Denmark notes that in less than 20 years, the age of menarche (first period or puberty) for young girls has gone down a FULL YEAR.

To give some perspective to this, in the 19th century, girls reached puberty at the age of 15 to 17 years of age, depending upon country of origin. In the 1960′s, the internationally stated age of puberty was set at 12. Now, these new statistics (which appear to be matched in the U.S.) reveal an average age of puberty of less than 9 years old. It is not only the lower age of puberty that is of concern. The rapidity with which this change has occurred is equally concerning.

Scientists are speculating that two causes may be at play. The first: children are more obese than they used to be causing their bodies to make more estrogen. This could result in earlier menses. The second factor: chemicals in our environment called estrogen disruptors may also play a part in this shocking development. These chemicals are found in our food supply, our water and even in the tools with which we eat and drink.

Concerns about health problems related to earlier menses, such as cancer and the associated obesity with its complications are certainly prevalent. Hitting puberty results in a longer lifetime exposure to estrogen which is a factor in breast cancer and heart disease. In addition, socially these younger girls have to face unprecedented sexual pressure. Now they have bodies that are mature before they are emotionally prepared to deal with these issues.

Ten years ago there was debate whether some of the health changes that are rapidly appearing, such as autism, obesity, MS and premature menarche, were due to better collection of data. The data we are receiving now is collected in a modern time. These are real changes and real numbers.

My rumination on this topic would be that hundreds to thousands of years used to be required for such a dramatic change in human physiology. Now, over less than 20 years, this change has been documented. We are left with the question, “What is happening to the health of our children and our citizens?” Now, that’s a question we should get to work on!!

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What are the dangers of Laser Hair Removal

Posted on 06/17/2010 by Administrator

Laser is a relatively new entrant compared to other means of hair removal and it became a popular  method by the late 1990′s. The popularity of laser hair removal is attributed to the speed and

280646-29426-5.jpg

efficacy of this method. This method can successfully remove hair in a larger area, in a very short time. Laser hair removal is often touted as a solution for permanent hair removal but the FDA has certified it as a mode of permanent hair reduction. While this method is totally effective for some people, others may require repeated sessions every year to prevent regrowth of hair.

Laser Hair Removal: Process

The principle behind laser hair removal is that the lasers used for this purpose selectively target only dark matter (hair follicles) in the area and generally do not affect the skin. Almost all hair removal lasers identify melanin as the dark target matter. Melanin is the coloring pigment in the skin and the hair. It can be of two types – eumelanin, which is responsible for the black or brown color and pheomelanin, which gives the red or blonde color. As the lasers can detect only the dark matter, removal of red or blonde-colored hair is not done through this method. Lasers are best capable of removing black or brown hair and the best suited combination for this method is light skin with dark hair. However, this created problems for dark-skinned people, whose skin also got affected with the laser, but this problem has now been solved by the new lasers introduced for this purpose.

Laser Hair Removal: Side-Effects

Laser hair removal, although considered as a safe option for removing unwanted hair, can cause side-effects too. Side-effects are caused mainly due to lack of skills on the part of the practitioner or due to the use of low-quality devices, which are not approved by the FDA. Side-effects can vary from person to person. Some people may not experience any side-effects, whereas others suffer a lot. The following is a list of common side-effects caused by laser hair removal.

  • The most common among the side-effects of using laser for hair removal is swelling and redness of the skin, which is more likely to be experienced by people with a sensitive skin. This problem can get worse in areas of sensitive skin and sometimes may be accompanied by pain. You can ask for some topical application to treat the problem. Usually it subsides in two to three days.
  • Another problem is skin discoloration, which can be either hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation. Lasers can block the production of melanin in the skin, resulting in a lighter skin tone called hypopigmentation. In some people, it can cause overproduction of melanin, termed as hyperpigmentation. Both conditions are more commonly found in people with darker skin. Most cases of hyperpigmentation are reversible, but in case of hypopigmentation it is not reversible.
  • Laser hair removal can also cause burns, mostly in dark-skinned people, as laser is quickly absorbed by dark skin. Most of the burns caused by this method of hair removal are mild, but there have been reports of severe burns too.
  • Some embarrassing conditions resulting from laser hair removal is the regrowth of hair in patches and blisters. Blisters may also cause pain, apart from the unpleasant appearance.
  • There are rare cases of serious side-effects like reticulate erythema, which is characterized by a long lasting redness of the skin resembling a web-like pattern. This is caused as a result of repeated sessions of laser hair removal.
  • Another serious side-effect is uveitis, caused by the use of laser for removal of hair in the eyebrows. This condition is caused when the lasers used are of longer wavelength. Uveitis is the inflammation of the uveal tract, which lines the inside of the eye behind the cornea.
  • There are also chances of blindness, if the lasers are used in close proximity to the eyes.

Mostly, the side-effects caused by lasers are very mild, but always make sure to consult a licensed practitioner, who uses safe machines. Laser machines are approved by the FDA too. You can go for a device which has been approved by the FDA. Check for the credentials of the practitioner and ask him to make sure that you are suitable for this method of hair removal.

If you live in the metro Denver Boulder area please come see us for your laser hair removal needs at Bella Pelle Laser in Broomfield

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Protect Your Breasts With Vitamin D

Posted on 06/14/2010 by Administrator

by: Christiane Northrup, MD

There’s a paradigm shift going on in medicine as new research reveals a far greater role for vitamin D. Vitamin D is not just for kids — or the prevention of rickets. Optimal levels of Vitamin D(40-80 ng/ml) enhance the creation and functioning of healthy cells throughout the body. In addition to protecting the bones and boosting the immune system, studies show that Vitamin D helps prevent certain cancers, including breast, ovarian, prostate, and colorectal.Exciting new research shows that in the U.S. alone, thousands of new cases of breast cancer could be prevented every year if more women had optimal levels of vitamin D.

A study conducted by Cedric Garland and other prominent vitamin D researchers determined that women with vitamin D levels above 52 ng/ml have half the risk of developing breast cancer as those with 13 ng/ml! Garland (et al) estimates that 58,000 new cases of breast cancer in the U.S. could be prevented per year by raising vitamin D levels to 52 ng/ml. Imagine what the global impact could be!

A simple blood test is all that’s needed to find out your vitamin D level. Five years ago, a range of 20-100 ng/ml was considered normal. Just recently, this range was raised to 32-100 ng/ml. Make sure to ask your healthcare provider what your actual vitamin D level is. Too often women are told that their levels are normal, which is not the same as optimal.

If you’re deficient, the best way to boost your vitamin D quickly is to supplement with vitamin D-3. Initially, you may need to take 5,000 IUs per day. After establishing a healthy level, I recommend supplementing with1,000-2,000 IUs per day–it’s hard to get all you need from food. Some healthy fish provides 300-700 IUs, but milk only provides 100 IUs per glass.

You may be surprised to learn that the sun is actually the best source of vitamin D. The sun’s UVB rays enable our bodies to manufacture vitamin D in the fat layer under the skin, as long as we don’t use sunscreen. The body can make enough vitamin D from sun exposure to last the entire year! And it will never create toxic levels, regardless of how long you expose your skin. Although we are taught to fear the sun, sunbathing in moderation — exposing but never burning the skin — is good for us. This may explain why the incidence of breast cancer is higher in northern latitudes than at the equator.

I encourage every woman to check her vitamin D level regularly and keep it in the optimal range. This is easily done by supplementing with about 2,000 IUs of vitamin D-3 per day and getting regular, safe sun exposure. (You can even visit a tanning salon that offers UVB tanning rays.) Your breasts and your entire body will benefit. This is preventive medicine at its finest.

References:

1. Staud, R., 2005. Vitamin D: more than just affecting calcium and bone. Curr Rheumatol Rep, Oct;7(5):356-64.
2. Staud, R., 2005. Vitamin D: more than just affecting calcium and bone. Curr Rheumatol Rep, Oct;7(5):356-64.
3. Cannell, J.J., Hollis, B.W. 2008. Use of vitamin D in clinical practice, Altern Med Rev, Mar;13(1):6-20.
4. Cannell, J.J., et al. 2008. On the epidemiology of influenza, Virol J, Feb 25;5:29.
5. Holick, M.F. 2004. Vitamin D: importance in the prevention of cancers, type 1 diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis, Am J Clin Nutr, 79:362-71.
6. Garland, C.F., et al. 2009 Vitamin D for cancer prevention: global perspective, Ann Epidemiol. Jul;19(7):468-83.
7. Garland, C.F., et al. 2007. Vitamin D and prevention of breast cancer: pooled analysis., J Steroid Biochem Mol BiolMar;103(3-5):708-11.

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